Using Cuban cities as the backdrop to personal stories, the filmmaker depicts the complexity of contemporary Cuba. As the regime begins to slightly relax its iron grip, the island slowly opens up to the world. Various families and individuals are followed in their daily struggle to survive: a mother preparing for her daughter's 15th birthday, and who philosophizes that 15 really is too young to start working as a prostitute. Two older women who barely manage to not go hungry with their food stamps and what they earn as street vendors. A cleaner and dance teacher who proudly shows off pictures of his foreign one-night-stands. A one-legged dancer, who sees himself as an example for everyone who feels limited and wants to achieve something just the same. A musician from the orchestra that plays at dances where older, Western ladies feel young and beautiful in the arms of young dancers. While many Cubans look for life outside of Cuba, for tourists, the island is for many reasons a very special destination. Motherland or Death is the story of real life played out against the picturesque background of today’s Cuba.