Report about the role of the Rwandan churches in the 1994 genocide. Features an interview with prominent figure Laurien Ntezimana, a Hutu who during the genocide was helping Tutsi refugees. Other Rwandans are also being interviewed, including a Tai Chi professor who works to instill in the minds of Rwandans the four qualities of Tai Chi discipline as a method to help heal the ills of the society and prevent future killing.

CBS reporter James Forlong reports for Sky News, from Kigali, Rwanda about the UN controlled evacuation of the St. Famille orphanage in Kigali in late June, 1994. Based on a list, 200 out of thousands of Tutsis were allowed in the UN trucks, the rest remaining in the control of the Interhamwe, a Hutu paramilitary organization.

Church massacre at Ntarma, Rwanda in late June 1994. The report contains images of the aftermath of the massacre and an interview with a member of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) who claims the killings were the work of the Hutu paramilitary organization Interhamwe.

James Forlong reports for Sky News, from Kigali, Rwanda, about the living conditions in the Kigali prison where both victims and perpetrators are being held.

A BBC documentary on the genocide in Rwanda. In April 1994, during the genocide, panorama reporter Fergal Keane traveled deep into rebel and government held territories where he investigated the causes of the manslaughters, spoke to the victims, and confronted Sylvestre Gacumbitsi (also known as “the butcher of Nyarubuye”) a Rwandan mayor who had been accused of orchestrating the slaughter of thousands of Tutsis in a village church. Features interviews with: Lt. Col. K.K. Caesar (Rwandan Patriotic Front), Dr. Jean Pascal Chapatte, Lt. Col. Emmanuel Quist (Deputy Chief Operations Officer U.N., Rwanda), Aaron Makuba (Central Committee, Social Democratic Party), Brother Otto Mayer (African Missionary), Brother Henry Blanchard (African Missionary), Gerard Nishogoza (Rwandan Liberal Party), Sylvan Nsabimana (Former Prefect of Butare), and Dr. Birchmans Nshimyumuremyi (Vice Rector at the Univ. of Rwanda).

"Sitting on a Volcano," the first volume of a three-part film series on Rwanda, follows the exodus of hundreds of thousands of Hutus who fled Rwanda to take refuge in neighboring countries. Shot in different refugee camps in Rwanda and Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo), the documentary stresses the incapacity of the international community to protect refugees: one year after the slaughter, they still find themselves trapped between gangs of Rwandan war criminals in control of the refugee camps and their country's new leaders, who show little interest in reconciliation. Features interviews with: Michael Marchen (Toronto policeman, CARE Canada), Alain Destexhe (Doctors Without Borders), Chris Janowski (U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees), Lynn Ngugi (social worker, CARE Kenya), Augustin Bizimana (Former Rwandan Defense Minister), Gen. Guy De Tousignant (Commander U.N. Mission to Rwanda, UNAMIR), Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda), Alphonse Marie Nkubito (Rwandan Minister of Justice), and Antoine Sibumana (Bourgmestre of Mbazi).

The second volume of the three-part film series on Rwanda investigates Rwanda’s colonial past and explores Canada's role in the development of the genocidal ideology that started taking shape in the early 1960s when the country gained its independence and Belgian missionaries fled the country. The film tells the story of Father Claude Simard who was murdered in October 1994 in the Rwandan village of Ruyenzi and Brother François Cardinal (Brothers of Christian Instruction, a lay Catholic order) who was assassinated in Kigali by a six-person commando squad. Besides interviews with victims of the genocide as well as perpetrators, the film features interviews with: Brother François Cardinal, Father Georges Henri Leveque, Christine Stewart (Canadian Politician), Grégoire Kayibanda (the first elected President of the Republic of Rwanda), Ltd. Celestin Kayitenkule, Capt. Tim Leesberg (Canadian UNAMIR), Major General Guy De Tousignant (Commander U.N. Mission to Rwanda, UNAMIR), Paul Kagame (Former Minister of Defense and Former Vice-President of Rwanda), and Ltd. Wilson Gamesirire.

Phillippe Dessaint hosts and moderates a discussion on French television channel TV5 about the situation in Rwanda. His guests are Christophe Mfizi (Ambassador of Rwanda), Joseph Matata (Rwandan refugee), and Stephen Smith (journalist for “Libération”). The program includes the screening of the Canadian documentary “Hand of God, Hand of the Devil,” the second volume of a three-part film series on Rwanda, as well as news reports about the refugees and the internally displaced in Rwanda. Includes footage of a camp for internally displaced persons near Kibeho, in south-west Rwanda, from 1995.

Three people amass evidence against Hutus suspected of slaughtering Rwandans in 1994. Françoise Saunier (attorney with Doctors Without Borders), François-Xavier Nsanzuwera (Rwandan Chief Prosecutor), and Joseph Matata (human rights activist), disillusioned by the lack of intervention on the part of the international community in the face of a tragedy that claimed close to a million lives, took it upon themselves to gather evidence that will bring to justice the people responsible for the genocide in Rwanda. While Ms. Saunier visits the U.N. in New York and Hague, Mr. Matata completes his report in Belgium and Mr. Nsanzuwera holds interviews in the Rwandan prisons, all of them making sure there is sufficient evidence to convict, prosecute and start trials. At the time the film was completed in 1996, two years after the genocide, eight indictments for genocide have been announced by the International Tribunal, however, no names have been released, no one has been arrested, and there was no trial of any of the accused imprisoned in Rwanda. The film features interviews with H. Rakotomanana (Deputy Prosecutor, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, ICTR), Richard Goldstone (Chief Prosecutor, International Tribunal, IT), Florence Barrilon-Pomes (U.N. Advisor for East Africa), and Colin Keating (U.N. Security Council).

Phillippe Dessaint hosts and moderates a discussion on French TV5 television channel about the situation in Rwanda. His guests are Christophe Mfizi (Ambassador of Rwanda), Joseph Matata (Rwandan refugee), and Stephen Smith (journalist for “Libération”). The program includes excerpts from the Canadian documentary “Hand of God, Hand of the Devil,” the second volume of a three-part film series on Rwanda, as well as commentaries about the situation of the Rwandans.

Fragments from “Hand of God, Hand of the Devil,” the second volume of the three-part film series on Rwanda. It investigates Rwanda’s colonial past and explores Canada's role in the development of the genocidal ideology that started taking shape in the early 1960s when the country gained its independence and Belgian missionaries fled the country. The film tells the story of Father Claude Simard who was murdered in October 1994 in the Rwandan village of Ruyenzi and Brother François Cardinal (Brothers of Christian Instruction, a lay Catholic order) who was assassinated in Kigali by a six-person commando squad.

Fragment of a news report about Rwanda: the situation of the refugees, the question of international involvement, and the history of the U.N. in Africa.

A round table discussion taking place in Belgium where participants Francois Ngarukiyintwali (Ambassador of Rwanda to Belgium), Chanoine Ernotte (founder and director of Collège du Christ-Roi), Evode Twagirayezu (PhD candidate at University of Mons, Institute of Linguistics), Alain De Brouwer (Belgian politician and political counselor for Christian Democrat International, CDI), Bertrand Tungandame (Journalist), Philippe Reyjens (Professor at the University of Antwerp and the National University of Rwanda), and Vincent Ntezimana (Doctor in Physics at the Catholic University of Louvain) discussed the multiparty system in Rwanda.

A documentary about the genocide in Rwanda where the filmmakers investigate the origins, the actors, and the victims of the 1994 genocide. The film focuses on the history of colonialism in Rwanda and the role of the French government after 1975 in deepening the animosity between the two ethnic groups in Rwanda, the Hutus and the Tutsis. Through a series of interviews, first hand accounts of eyewitnesses of the massacres, interviews with Rwandan and European officials, testimonies of the perpetrators and victims, as well as through the use of official Rwandan documents and archival footage, the film reconstructs the history of the country and draws conclusions on the current state of affairs. The film features, among others, interviews and archival footage with : Luc de Heusch (Ethnologue), Father Theodore (Byumba Parish), Father Butera (Rutongo Parish), Alphonse Nkubito (Minister of Justice, Rwanda) Lt. Col. Hogard (Operation Turquoise), Colonel Théoneste Bagosora (Rwandan Armed Forces), Father Claude Simard (Canadian Missionary in Rwanda), Laurien Ntezimana (Theolog, Diocese of Butare), Claude Rwagacondo (Rwandan doctor), Claudine Mukakibibi (Rwandan student), Théodore Sindikubwabo (Interim President of Rwanda in 1994), Pasteur Bizimungu (President of Rwanda), Leon Mugesera (propagandist and member of the MRND Party), François-Xavier Nsanzuwera (Rwandan Chief Prosecutor), and Janvier Afrika (Rwandan journalist).

A BBC documentary on the involvement of France in Rwanda prior to the genocide. It investigates the extent of French covert military assistance to the Rwandan government between 1990 and 1994, as well as the role of the 'Network - Zero' and the Interhamvwe in the massacres. While reflecting on the fact that France provided more aid and development money to Rwanda during the Habyarimana regime than any other European power, the film attempts to explain why a European power would take such a strong interest in the affairs of such a small central African nation. Furthermore the film traces the genesis of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) back to the refugees who fled Rwanda during the Hutu revolution in the early 1960's. The report includes numerous interviews with government officials including President Mitterrand's son, Jean-Christophe Mitterrand (Presidential Adviser on African Affairs from 1988 to 1992), General Jospeh Canal (Commander of French Forces in Africa during 1991 and 1992), Georges Martres (French Ambassador to Rwanda, 1989-1993), Emmanuel Habyarimana (Politician and former Rwandan soldier in the Rwandan Armed Forces), and Chrisophe Mfizi (Rwandan Ambassador to France). Featuring in the film are also Janvier Africa (Rwandan Journalist), Jean Carbonare (International Human Rights Commission mission to Rwanda and President of "Operation Survie"), Alison Des Forges (historian and human rights activist), Col. Luc Marchal (Commander U.N. Forces Kigali Sector, 1993-1994), Dr. Jean Herve Bradol (Médecins Sans Frontières), Dr. Eric Girard (Freelance Photographer), Rose Rwanga (survivor), and Pierre Messmer (Prime Minister of France, 1972-1974).

A film tracing the history of the Rwandan conflict since the colonial time to its 1994 genocide. The documentary looks into the first year of independence, the Habyarimana regime and his political party - the National Revolutionary Movement for Development (MRND), as well as the interim government led by Théodore Sindikubwabo. Among the people interviewed in this film are Felicien Kabuga (Rwandan businessman), Rugema Donatien (Member of Parliament in Rwanda), Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda), Nikusi Juvenal (Rwandan politician), Félicien Ngango (Vice-President of the Social Democratic Party of Rwanda, PSD), and Pasteur Bizimungu (President of Rwanda, 1994 - 2000).

First part of a television program about the abuses committed in Kigali, Rwanda in 1994 and the fate of the Belgian contingent KIBAT II of the UNAMIR (United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda), a U.N. peacekeeping force formed of nine soldiers and led by Lt. Thierry Lotin. On April 7, 1994 the ten Blue Helmets were in charge of escorting Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana from her residence in the ministerial quarter of Kyovu to the national radio station Radio Rwanda. During this mission, the entire contingent was ambushed and assassinated in the Kigali camp. The program tries to answer to several questions regarding official responsibility, liability and blame. This part features interviews with: Jean-Luc Habyarimana (son of Juvénal Habyarimana, former President of Rwanda), Faustin Twagiramungu (Appointed Prime Minister of Rwanda), Guy Theunis (Journalist and Missionary in Rwanda from Pères Blanc, “White Fathers”), Leopold Greindl (Missionary, “White Fathers”), General Roméo Dallaire (Force Commander of UNAMIR), Agathe Uwilingiyimana (Prime Minister of Rwanda, 1993-1994), and Bernard Ntuhyaga (RAF Staff).

Members of “Reporters Without Borders” interview Colonel Théoneste Bagosora, from the Rwandan Armed Forces, who was also part of “akazu” (‘little house’) which was an informal organization of Hutu extremists, a circle of relatives and close friends of then Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana and his influential wife Agathe Habyarimana. In the interview, Bagosora talks about his role in the previous government and denies any involvement in the death squad killings before and after the genocide.

First part of "Sitting on a Volcano," a film that follows the exodus of hundreds of thousands of Hutus who fled Rwanda to take refuge in neighboring countries. Shot in different refugee camps in Rwanda and Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo), the documentary stresses the incapacity of the international community to protect refugees: one year after the slaughter, they still find themselves trapped between gangs of Rwandan war criminals in control of the refugee camps and their country's new leaders, who show little interest in reconciliation. Features interviews with: Michael Marchen (Toronto policeman, CARE Canada), Alain Destexhe (Doctors Without Borders), Chris Janowski (U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees), Lynn Ngugi (social worker, CARE Kenya), Augustin Bizimana (Former Rwandan Defense Minister), Gen. Guy De Tousignant (Commander U.N. Mission to Rwanda, UNAMIR), Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda), Alphonse Marie Nkubito (Rwandan Minister of Justice), and Antoine Sibumana (Bourgmestre of Mbazi).

Members of “Reporters Without Borders” interview Ferdinand Nahimana, historian and co-founder of the radio station Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), which during the genocide broadcast information and propaganda that helped coordinate the killings and fuel the hatred against the Tutsi. Nahimana talks about his professional life as an African historian and his leading role at RTLM. In the interview Nahimana denies the accusation that he had an important role in the advancement of the genocide.

Second part of a “Reporters Without Borders” interview with Ferdinand Nahimana, historian and co-founder of the radio station Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), which during the genocide broadcast information and propaganda that helped coordinate the killings and fuel the hatred against the Tutsi. Nahimana talks about his professional life as an African historian and his leading role at RTLM. In the interview Nahimana denies the accusation that he had an important role in the advancement of the genocide.

Final part of a “Reporters Without Borders” interview with Ferdinand Nahimana, historian and co-founder of the radio station Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), which during the genocide broadcast information and propaganda that helped coordinate the killings and fuel the hatred against the Tutsi. Nahimana talks about his professional life as an African historian and his leading role at RTLM. In the interview Nahimana denies the accusation that he had an important role in the advancement of the genocide.

A documentary on the role of the church in the Rwandan genocide in 1994. The church became dominant in Rwanda in the 1930s due to the work of the colonialists and missionaries, as well as the adoption of the Roman Catholic faith by the Rwandan king. At first, the church was primarily an institution of Tutsis. In the early 1960s, after the Hutus overthrew the Tutsi government, the number of Hutus affiliated with the church grew considerably. At the time of the genocide, the followers and church workers were both Hutu and Tutsi. Lindsey Hilsum, who lived in Rwanda before and during the genocide, returns to Rwanda to investigate the actual involvement of the church - direct and indirect, positive and negative, active and passive – in the massacres. She interviews a number of representatives of the church, as well as victims and survivors of the genocide, and goes deep into the events of 1994, revealing the moral dilemmas that still hunt Rwandans. Featured in this film are: Laurien Ntezimana (Theologian, Diocese of Butare), Father Tito Mutemangando, Monsignor Phocas Nikwigize, (Bishop, Diocese of Ruhenge), Father Balthazar Habimana, Father Modeste Mungwaraseba, Father Denis Sekamana, Father Jean Bosco Munyawera , Sister Teya Kakuze, Monsignor Augustin Misago (Bishop of Gikongoro).

German investigator Sjouk Eekma records the effects of the genocide in Kibuye, Rwanda. The tape contains: the map of Kibuye; an aerial view of the town; shots of the church where the massacres took place; images with villagers; mass graves sites.

Continuation of investigator Sjouk Eekma’s recordings. The tape contains: images with villagers carrying out their daily tasks; shots of the church where the massacres took place; interviews with the villagers, witnesses and survivors of the genocide; images with people working in the field; shots of Rwandan landscape. Interviews are conducted by Dan Gowen, Sara Darehshori, Pierre Heuts and Sjouk Eekma. The video ends with an aerial view of the team’s journey back to Kigali.

“Reporters Without Borders” investigates the allegations that former members of the Rwandan Armed Forces (RAF) tortured or mistreated journalists and reporters. The tape focuses on Janvier Africa, a former member of the security police and editor-in-chief of the state sponsored “Umurava” newspaper. After he used the newspaper to reveal information he had obtained as an agent of the police, including the existence of death squads, he was arrested in Kigali in mid-September 1992 and detained at Kigali central prison where he was held without trial. The recording features two more interviews with Rwandan journalists who testify on the use of torture under the Habyarimana regime.

Continuation of the “Reporters Without Borders” investigation. The tape focuses on Captain Pascal Simbikangwa, former head of military intelligence at the Office of the President, who is accused of making lists with the name of Tutsis to be killed. In the interview he refutes all the accusations. The tape contains several other interviews where Rwandan journalists and officials speak about the reprisals suffered by journalist at the hands of the Habyarimana regime.

Continuation of the “Reporters Without Borders” investigation. Features interviews with journalists and officials who talk about the allegations that former members of the Rwandan Armed Forces (RAF) tortured or mistreated journalists and reporters. The tape includes, among others, an interview with Ferdinand Nahimana, historian and co-founder of the radio station Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), which during the genocide broadcast information and propaganda that helped coordinate the killings and fuel the hatred against the Tutsi.

Continuation of the “Reporters Without Borders” investigation. Features interviews with journalists and officials who talk about the allegations that former members of the Rwandan Armed Forces (RAF) tortured or mistreated journalists and reporters. The tape contains several interviews, including interviews with Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda between July 1995 and August 1995) and the personnel of Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM) who explain how RTLM was created. This tape contains the first part of an interview with Gaspard Gahigi, editor-in-chief for RTML.

Continuation of the “Reporters Without Borders” investigation. Features interviews with journalists and officials who talk about the allegations that former members of the Rwandan Armed Forces (RAF) tortured or mistreated journalists and reporters. The tape starts with the second part of the interview with Gaspard Gahigi (editor-in-chief for RTML) and continues with Adrien Rangira, journalist of “Kanguka” newspaper, and Jean Marie Vianney Higiro, director of the Rwandan Information Office (ORINFOR), a government corporation that ran Radio Rwanda, Rwandan Television and state controlled media.

Continuation of the “Reporters Without Borders” investigation. Features interviews with journalists and officials who talk about the allegations that former members of the Rwandan Armed Forces (RAF) tortured or mistreated journalists and reporters. The tape continues with interviews with: Jean Marie Vianney Higiro, Jean-François Nsebgiyumva (editor-in-chief for “Radio Rwanda”), journalists Ezechiel Sebasambizi and Bonaventure Ughirashebuja, and Obed Bazimaziki (journalist, “Le Flambeau”).

A television program about the abuses committed in Kigali, Rwanda in 1994 and the fate of the Belgian contingent KIBAT II of the UNAMIR (United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda), a U.N. peacekeeping force formed of nine soldiers and led by Lt. Thierry Lotin. On April 7, 1994 the ten Blue Helmets were in charge of escorting Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana from her residence in the ministerial quarter of Kyovu to the national radio station Radio Rwanda. During this mission, the entire contingent was ambushed and assassinated in the Kigali camp. The program tries to answer to several questions regarding official responsibility, liability and blame. The program features interviews with: Jean-Luc Habyarimana (son of Juvénal Habyarimana, former President of Rwanda), Faustin Twagiramungu (Appointed Prime Minister of Rwanda), Guy Theunis (Journalist and Missionary in Rwanda from Pères Blanc, “White Fathers”), Leopold Greindl (Missionary, “White Fathers”), General Roméo Dallaire (Force Commander of UNAMIR), Agathe Uwilingiyimana (Prime Minister of Rwanda, 1993-1994), Bernard Ntuhyaga (RAF Staff), Lt. Col. Jean Dewez, Théoneste Bagosora (Rwandan military officer), Frédéric François (journalist), Apedo Kodjo (UN military observer), Leo Delcroix (Belgian Minister of Defense), Jean-Bosco Brayagwiza (Rwandan diplomat and the chairman of the executive committee for the Rwandan radio station RTLM), Georges Ruggiu (RTML broadcaster), Rika De Backer (European Deputy), Col. Luc Marshal (UNAMIR), Innocent Butare, and Sixbert Musangamfura (Former Intelligence Chief).

The film is based on an investigation of Rwandan refugee camps in Uganda carried out by the U.S. Committee for Refugees. A narrator provides a brief background of Rwanda's colonial history, its ethnic make-up and the events that led to the conflict between the predominantly Tutsi forces of the RPF and Juvénal Habyarimana's primarily Hutu regime. The video includes footage from inside the camps and short interviews with some of the refugees. The film ends with footage of soldiers and a call for negotiations that includes the participation of the exiled refugees.

A Belgian television report on the social and political situation in Rwanda during and after the genocide, focusing on disability, homelessness and education in war-torn Rwanda. The program features interviews with various social workers, aid workers, Rwandan and Belgian soldiers and state officials, as well as representatives of various NGOs and humanitarian agencies, including: Eugene Twagira Mutabazi (ASBL IBUKA, Memory and Justice), Luc Henkinbrant (Amnesty International), Michel Graindorge (Lawyer), Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda), Padre Quertemont, Melchior Wathelet (Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Justice and Economic Affairs in Belgium , 1992-1995), Gasana Ndoba (Human Rights Commission in Rwanda), Colette Braeckman (journalist, “Le Soir”), Alain Verhaagen (Professor l'Université Libre de Bruxelles, African expert), Augustin Habymana (Captain of the former Rwandan Army), José Riera (Senior Advisor, UNHCR), Gerard Mueyo (soldier, Rwandan Patriotic Army), and Paul Kagame (Minister of Defense in Rwanda at the time, President of Rwanda from 2000).

The documentary, which includes eye-witnesses’ accounts of the slaughter of tens of thousands of civilians, tells the story of the early days of the Rwandan crisis. It contains interviews with survivors including President Habyarimana's daughter, Marie-Rose Habyarimana, Rwandese Patriotic Front leaders, Paul Kagami and Theogene Rudasingwa, and former French humanitarian aid minister, Bernard Kouchner. Reporter Catherine Bond investigates the possibility that the carnage may have been a calculated act of genocide by the Rwandan government against the country's Tutsi minority. Other people interviewed in the film are: Dr. Olivier De Lassus (“Medecins du Monde”), Fiona l’Arbelesiter (BBC World Service Correspondent in Central Africa), Ltd. Tony Kabana (RPF), Lindsey Hilsum (foreign correspondent), Alex de Waal (British writer and researcher on African issue), Major Philbert Rwigamba (RPF), Jean-Pierre Chrétien (African Research Center), and Rakiya Omaar (African Rights).

CDR Demonstrations in Rwanda on October 18th, 1992 welcoming the French deployments and condemning the government of Dismas Nsengiyaremye (Prime Minister of Rwanda, Apr. 1992 – Jul. 1993), the Arusha talks, and President Yoweri Museveni (Uganda) for supporting and aiding the RPF.

Continuation of the recording of the CDR Demonstrations in Rwanda on October 18th, 1992 where representatives of CDR and their supporters are welcoming the French deployments and condemning the government of Dismas Nsengiyaremye (Prime Minister of Rwanda, Apr. 1992 – Jul. 1993), the Arusha talks, and President Yoweri Museveni (Uganda) for supporting and aiding the RPF.

Recording of a political debate hosted by Rwandan journalist Venuste Nshimiyimana. The debate is between Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda) representing MDR and CDR leaders represented by Jean-Bosco Brayagwiza (also Chairman of the Executive Committee for RTLM) and Stanislas Simbizi (CDR Chairman).

Amateur footage of a CDR (Coalition for the Defense of the Republic) rally in Butare, Rwanda. It contains ideological speeches of CDR leaders, including Célestin Higiro, Theoneste Akimanizanye, and Martin Bucyana.

Continuation of the footage of a CDR rally in Butare, Rwanda. It contains ideological speeches of CDR leaders, including Célestin Higiro, Theoneste Akimanizanye, and Martin Bucyana.

Ntarama was a small Catholic church in a village 45 kilometers south of Kigali, Rwanda where on April 15, 1994, and until the arrival of the Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF) on May 14, 1994, killers of the radical Hutu-led Rwandan government brutally massacred an estimated 5,000 ethnic Tutsis. Contains footage of massacre scenes.

Several eye-witnesses are discussing the killings that took place in the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Mugonero, Kibuye region in Rwanda. According to journalists and human rights investigators, Pastor Elizaphan Ntakirutimana, a Hutu and then president of the Seventh-day Adventist Church urged Tutsi members of his congregation, as well as others, to take shelter in the compound. In a single day almost all of the 3,000 Tutsis who had gathered at the mission were slain. Witnesses claim that Ntakirutimana, and his son Gérard Ntakirutimana, were collaborating with the militias and they accuse them of being involved in the killings. Pastor Elizaphan Ntakirutimana was the first clergyman to be convicted for a role in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.

Raw footage containing views of massacre sites from Kaduha and Mugina in Rwanda; aerial footage of Rwanda; images of mass graves exhumations; images of refugees in camps; short interviews with the survivors of the massacres.

A short film based on a November 1990 U.S. Committee for Refugees (USCR) site visit to Rwandan refugee camps in Uganda. Contains footage from November 1990 with refugees describing the conditions of the camps.

Amateur footage shot from a moving car between the borders of Rwanda and Burundi. It contains: images with soldiers and refugees at the border; an interview with a Burundian soldier; clips from everyday life of Rwandans; Rwandans fleeing the country; Burundian and Rwandan natural scenery; graphic images of the victims of the 1994 massacres.

Roger Winter, freelance reporter at the time of the genocide in Rwanda, accompanied by RPF soldiers and government officials visits massacre sites in Rwanda (Nyamata Parish Catholic Church in Nyamata, Bugesera District) and Burundi, the Rusumo waterfall on the border between Rwanda and Tanzania, and interviews local residents and RPF soldiers.

ICTR private investigator Jan Wilken filmed local workers hired by RPF soldiers to excavate mass graves near Kabuha in the region of Gikongoro where, according to another ICTR investigator, 10.000 or more were murdered. The tape contains images with scaffolds made of wood holding the bones and other remains of the victims.

Aerial view of a church in the region of Kabuha, Rwanda which was one out of many sites of massacres.

Recording of a burial ceremony in Mugina, Gikongoro in Rwanda in which the remains of the victims of the genocide dug up from the mass graves are put to rest. It includes a speech addressed to the survivors and family members of the murdered.

Excerpts from a film based on the investigation of Rwandan refugee camps in Uganda carried out by the U.S. Committee for Refugees. A narrator provides a brief background of Rwanda's colonial history, its ethnic make-up and the events that led to the conflict between the predominantly Tutsi forces of the RPF and Juvénal Habyarimana's primarily Hutu regime.

Hutu militiamen and members of the Presidential Guard are massacring and decapitating Tutsis, while two women are pleading for their lives. According to the reporters at the scene, the women were also murdered 15 minutes later. The footage was allegedly shot in Kigali near the old French school.

Based on a book written by Els De Temmerman, “The Dead Are Still Alive” is a documentary about genocide in Rwanda in 1994. The death of the Rwandan President Habyarimana, on April 6, 1994 has launched a violent response to the years of immense tension and social-economic differences between the Tutsi and Hutu. The documentary begins with President Habyarimana's plane crash and moves slowly through the weeks that followed that calamitous day. The film includes footage with: evacuation of the foreigners in April 1994; evacuation of a psychiatric center where a number of Rwandans had sought refuge; trucks loaded with refugees which head for the border; massive exodus towards the Tanzanian border; life in the Benaco camp; reporters returning to Rwanda in May after the bulk of the killings stopped; the arrival of the first French military contingent as part of Operation Turquoise; RPF troops; Goma refugee camp where, at the instigation of some of the elders, the young confiscate the food delivered by NGOs and the international community and distribute it as they see fit. The film features interviews with Jean Kambanda (Prime Minister of the Interim Government) who accuses the RPF of shooting down Habyarimana's plane, Col. Lizinde (RPF), Belgian missionaries, Rwandan civilians and prisoners.

A compilation of BBC News on Rwanda covering the period between April 1994 and June 1994. Clip 1: Reports about massacres in a church, the history of UN interventions in African civil wars and criticism towards its conduct in Rwanda, and refugees on Tanzania's border coping with precarious water and sanitation conditions. Features an interview with ltd. Gen. Emmanuel Erskine (Former UN Commander). Clip 2 (May, 1994): News report about Benaco, a refugee camps in the Tanzanian fields where almost a quarter of a million of Rwandans gathered after fleeing the massacres back home. Rob Wilson, a missionary who has been living in Rwanda for 11 years and who has fled the country together with the Rwandans, discusses the conditions in the camp and the situation in Rwanda. It contains interviews with mixed families of Hutus and Tutsis. The report continues with the RPF fighters, who do not favor international intervention and who are certain of their victory in Rwanda. It also contains footage with the head of the Tanzanian army coming to meet the RPF forces, talking about possible Tanzanian intervention and complaining about Rwandan bodies floating in the rivers and littering Tanzanian water sources. Clip 3 (May 13, 1994): News report about the situation at the Rwanda-Burundi borders, the situation in Gitarama and several villages around it, as well as the situation in an improvised camp near a village outside of Gitarama. In these areas, almost all Hutus supporting the RPF and the majority of Tutsis were killed by the Hutu militias and the Government troops. The reporter travels in these areas investigating the reasons behind the killings and interviewing, among others, Vjeko Curic (Franciscan priest and the only Westerner to remain in Gitarama during and after the murders), Rwandan ministers and local officials, including the Minister of Defense and the Minister of Education, Rwandan refugees, and spiritual leaders who talk about their incapability to control the military forces. Clip 4 (April 8, 1994): News report presented by Lindsey Hillsum from Kigali in which she is questioning the effectiveness of the UN peacekeeping mission. Clip 5: News report about Rwandans fleeing the country and the international response to the crisis. It contains footage with the massive exodus of the refugees to Goma, Zaire and people dying from exhaustion. It contains a report about the conditions in the camp and the advancement of RPF rebels on one side and defeated Government militias on the other side. The report discusses the possibility of attaining peace, after RPF called for a cease-fire and the new Rwandan government has declared safety to all returning Hutus. Clip 6 (June 29, 1994): BBC Newsnight reports on the siege in Kigali where the RPF captured the last two government strongholds, the paramilitary police camp and the presidential guard camp. It includes an interview with Dr. James Orbinsky (Medecins Sans Frontieres). The report continues with news about RPF capturing Butare and a discussion on the French policies in Rwanda, including the humanitarian mission “Operation Turquoise.” Clip 7: News report about the situation in Rwanda 3 months after the killings started: RPF is advancing in the country towards the border with Zaire and refugees fleeing daily amount to hundreds of thousands. It includes an interview with an RPF military leader, a local prefect who runs a district for the RPF, and Faustin Twagiramungu, interim Prime Minister of Rwanda. The report contains footage of orphan children who escaped the slaughters, images of the massacres sites at Nyarubuye and Rusumo, and scenes with RPF members celebrating their victories. Clip 8: Jeremy Bowen reports on RPF forces taking over Rwandan cities and discusses the possible position that France will take in the conflict. Clip 9 (May 6, 1994): A brief news report of Tom Galvin from BBC News on the heightened violence in Kigali, Rwanda and the position of the UN troops in the conflict. Clip 10: (May 7, 1994): Correspondent Roger Herring from BBC News reports from Rwanda about the consequences of the civil war that afflicted Rwanda since the killings started in April 1994. Includes footage with children who survived the massacres and a discussion about the unfolding battle between RPF forces and Governmental troops for the capital Kigali. Clip 11 (May 9. 1994): News report from the Rwandan border about the refugee camp Benaco where refugees flow in daily in great numbers from both ethnic groups and who live together peacefully despite the hardships in the camp. Clip 12 (May 12, 1994): Mark Doyle reports about the fighting between the government and rebel armies over Kigali and UN’s efforts to try to secure a cease fire. Includes an interview with Lt. Gen. Romeo Dallaire, the Force Commander of UNAMIR. Clip 13 (May 5, 1994): Roger Herring reports about a village school in Musha, Rwanda, which became a prison for many of the genocide perpetrators. It contains an interview with a self-confessed murderer of 5 of his neighbors. Clip 14 (May 13, 1994): A report about constant inflow of human bodies from Rwanda in one of Uganda’s lakes due to heavy raining. It discusses the health risks of this situation for the villagers, mostly fishermen, living nearby. Clip 15 (May 30, 1994): Report about UN armored personnel in Rwanda and a UN meeting where neither sides, RPF or the Government, have sent top commanders to represent them in the tentative peace talks. Clip 16: A brief report on Eglise St. Famille where survivors of attacks have gathered and the ICRC compound where the personnel is struggling with the number of casualties and the lack of medical personnel, supplies, and poor operating conditions. Clip 17 (May 13, 1994): George Aligaya reports from Nairobi, Kenya on the presence of UN soldiers on the ground in Rwanda. It includes one of Romeo Dallaire’s (UN Forfce Commander) appeals for equipment, food, and medicine. Clip 18 (June 26, 1994): A report on the teenagers enrolling and joining the rebel forces. Clip 19 ((June 28, 1994): BBC correspondent Ben Brown reports from Rwanda about the ongoing French military operations and their role in stopping the killings in Rwanda. It contains a news report on the French rescue missions in Rwanda, when they rescued 35 nuns, including French, Belgian, British, and American missionaries, from a compound in Kibuye, where previously 10.000 people have been massacred. Clip 20: News report about intensified fighting in Kigali and the difficult evacuation of the injured from the Red Cross compound which was in the middle of the fighting zone. Clip 21: A report about a priest who offered sanctuary in a church to Tutsis who managed to escape the massacres. The report includes news about the Hutu checkpoints in Rwanda and the still existing threats for Tutsis despite the French presence. It also includes an interview with Théodore Sindikubwabo, the interim president of Rwanda, who claims that there has not been any organized killing of Tutsis by the Rwandan government, as well as footage of Francois Leotard (French Defense Minister) visiting the French troops posted in Rwanda. Clip 22: News report about two soldiers serving with the UN force in Rwanda, one killed and the other injured, and a report on the city of Gitarama where the fighting between the Government and RPF forces was won by the RPF troops. The program continues with news about France and Italy offering to send troops to Rwanda and a discussion on their effectiveness, including interviews with the Secretary General of the RPF in Rwanda and the leading spokesman for the governing UDF Party in France.

Continuation of the BBC News on Rwanda covering the period between April 1994 and April 1995. Clip 1 (June 22, 1994): News report about “Operation Turquoise,” the extent of the French involvement in Rwanda, and the UN’s approval of a mission to Rwanda under French control. It includes an interview with French Prime Minister Édouard Balladur as well as with the representative of the RPF at the UN. Clip 2: News report on the deployment of French troops in Rwanda and the reactions to this action in Belgium, Rwanda and France. Clip 3: News report about the withdrawal of the French troops from Gikongoro, Rwanda and the continuous flux of people fleeing Rwanda to get to Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo). It contains interviews with former ministers of Rwanda in exile, including Jean Kambanda, Prime Minister of Rwanda between April 1994 and July 1994, who claims that they are not responsible for the mass killings. Clip 4: News report about Goma and Kibumba refugee camps in Zaire where UN is considering pulling out the aid workers and separating the soldiers and the civilians for safety and security reasons – extreme Hutus seek to regroup and return to Rwanda, extreme RPF fighters seek revenge, former RPF fighters share the camp with Hutu extremists and each party seeks to gain control, hit lists were being drawn, including names of aid workers, lawlessness and lack of control replaced the rule, food is distributed through Hutu militiamen, and perpetrators took over the camps. Clip 4 (December 25, 1994): Interviews with aid workers who have had enough of aiding the perpetrators of the Rwandan genocide. It includes footage from the refugee camps. Clip 5 (December 28, 1994): News report on Kigali’s central jail and the inhumane conditions for the almost 6000 prisoners residing there. It includes interviews with Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda from July 1994 till Aug. 1995), Richard Goldstone (Chief prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda), and François Karera (Prefect of Kigali-Rural Prefecture in Rwanda). Clip 6: Report on Tutsis returning to Rwanda, while Hutus remain in refugee camps outside of the country due to fear of retribution.

Clip 1: Mike Duncan from BBC News reports from the Zaire-Rwanda border on the conditions in the camp, where Zaire forces try to drive the refugees back to Rwanda, Hutus run the camps and want to get organized for a counterstrike to re-gain power in Rwanda, and life gets worse for the refugees who are caught between the dangers in the camp and the dangers awaiting back home. Clip 2: News report on Kigali’s central jail and the inhumane conditions for the almost 6000 prisoners residing there. It includes interviews with Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda from July 1994 till Aug. 1995), Richard Goldstone (Chief prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda), and François Karera (Prefect of Kigali-Rural Prefecture in Rwanda). Clip 3: BBC reporter Mike Duncan presents a report on Tutsis returning to Rwanda, while Hutus remain in refugee camps outside of the country due to fear of retribution. It also includes a report on the living conditions for both Tutsis and Hutus who have left the refugee camps and returned to Rwanda. Clip 4: A BBC report from Rubona, southern Rwanda on the Rwandan’s Army newest recruits and the teaching methods used in trainings, designed to reunite the national army and build a military culture that is non-genocidal. Clip 5: News report on the massacres that took place in Ntarama, a parish in Rwanda where Tutsis sought refugee during the 1994 genocide. It includes interviews with two of the survivors and footage with RPF soldiers. Clip 6: Report on Kigali’s central jail which is overpopulated with Hutus who are being suspected of committing genocide. In the refugee camps outside Rwanda, Hutus are preparing to fight against what they consider as being simply Tutsis’ revengeful actions. Clip 7: A report presenting briefly the history of the Rwandan genocide and its aftermath. It includes footage with Juvénal Habyarimana’s plane crash, scenes from Nyarubuye church – a massacre site, and a discussion on the failure of the international community to stop the genocide and bring to justice the perpetrators a year later. It contains interviews with Rakiya Omaar (Director, African Rights), Richard Goldstone (Chief prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda), and Douglas Hurd (Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs). Clip 8 (March 15, 1995): BBC Newsnight reports on Kaminyola refugee camp in eastern Zaire where, during the night, former Hutu militias from both Rwanda and Zaire are engaged in military trainings. The report contains records of the night trainings, footage with Hassan Ngeze (RTML, editor “Kangura” newspaper) and Jean Kambanda (Former Prime Minister of Rwanda), as well as interviews with several Burundian and Rwandan Hutu soldiers. Clip 9 (April 22, 1995): BBC correspondent Julian Bedford reports from Rwanda on the Kibeho camp which is home to an estimated number of 80.000 Hutus and where casualties occurred due to stampede caused by rain and gun shots.

A special program presented by BBC Newsnight designed to reflect upon and dissect the ongoing Rwandan crisis: find the roots of the killing, analyze the international response and its failures, discuss what the UN could and could not deliver, and investigate the agendas which govern the West’s actions in post-colonial Africa. Some of the guests in the program are: Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Ryan Atwood (America’s Special Envoy to Rwanda), UN’s Assistant General Secretary, a representative of UNHCR in Geneva, as well as Baroness Lynda Chalker joined by Hutus, Tutsis and aid and Africa specialists, including Rakiya Omaar (Director, African Rights). The program is interspersed with reports on Rwanda by BBC reporters.

Continuation of the special program presented by BBC Newsnight on the Rwandan crisis to find the roots of the killing, analyze the international response and its failures, discuss what the UN could and could not deliver, and investigate the agendas which govern the West’s actions in post-colonial Africa.

A documentary film on the Rwandan genocide and its aftermath. Journalist Steve Bradshaw investigated the plight of the almost one million Rwandan refugees who had fled the country and tried to establish whether reconciliation was possible at such an early stage. The film contains interviews with: Maj. Gen. Paul Kagame (President of Rwanda from 2000) who speaks about justice and reconciliation, Panos Moumtzis (Spokesman for the UNHCR) who speaks about the hierarchies and systems in the camps, several Red Cross Doctors who talk about the living conditions in the camps and the lack of medical supplies, Hutu elders who deny propagating fear among the refugees, several officials, including Capt. Ian Johnson (UN Assistance Mission in Rwanda), Evode Kazasmako (Ministry of Rehabilitation), David Rawson (U.S. Ambassador to Rwanda), Lt. Col. Eric De Stabenrath (Commander of Turquoise Gikongoro), Lt. Dumba Jatoe (UN Assistance Mission in Rwanda), and Lieutenant-General Roméo Dallaire (Force Commander of UNAMIR), former Rwandan politicians, including Maj. Gen. Augustin Bizimana (Minister of Defense in the interim government until mid-July 1994), Western missionaries and aid workers, Zaire officials, and survivors of the massacres.

A documentary film on the Rwandan genocide and its aftermath. Journalist Steve Bradshaw investigated the plight of the almost one million Rwandan refugees who had fled the country and tried to establish whether reconciliation was possible at such an early stage. The film contains interviews with: Maj. Gen. Paul Kagame (President of Rwanda from 2000) who speaks about justice and reconciliation, Panos Moumtzis (Spokesman for the UNHCR) who speaks about the hierarchies and systems in the camps, several Red Cross Doctors who talk about the living conditions in the camps and the lack of medical supplies, Hutu elders who deny propagating fear among the refugees, several officials, including Capt. Ian Johnson (UN Assistance Mission in Rwanda), Evode Kazasmako (Ministry of Rehabilitation), David Rawson (U.S. Ambassador to Rwanda), Lt. Col. Eric De Stabenrath (Commander of Turquoise Gikongoro), Lt. Dumba Jatoe (UN Assistance Mission in Rwanda), and Lieutenant-General Roméo Dallaire (Force Commander of UNAMIR), former Rwandan politicians, including Maj. Gen. Augustin Bizimana (Minister of Defense in the interim government until mid-July 1994), Western missionaries and aid workers, Zaire officials, and survivors of the massacres.

In this video Lindsey Hilsum returns to Rwanda where she was a journalist before and during the first few weeks of the genocide. She attempts to find her former driver who disappeared in April, 1994. She comes across an old friend who survived the genocide but lost her five children. While visiting the Kigali Prison she sees another former acquaintance, [name redacted] imprisoned for allegedly participating in the genocide. She meets another former acquaintance, a Hutu man who saved Tutsi lives. Hilsum does finally discover the truth about her former driver: he was hunted down by members of the Interahamwe while hiding in a house with his brothers. The tape ends with an interview with a woman, who reflects on the fact that she has nothing to live for anymore.

A recording of the discussion between Theoneste Bagosora (Rwandan military officer) and UNAMIR officers concerning the evacuation of orphans who were stranded between the FAR (Armed Forces of Rwanda) held area and RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front) controlled area.

The second video on the tape is an interview with Col. Marcel Gatsinzi (Chief of Staff of FAR) who discusses the situation in Rwanda after the death of President Habyarimana when Theoneste Bagosora (Rwandan military officer) was meeting with high army officers in order to take over the leadership of the country.

The third video is a report about the massacres in Butare, Rwanda. It includes: an interview with Laurien Ntezimana, a theologian who saved Tutsis during the genocide; a voice recording of Théodore Sindikubwabo (Interim president of Rwanda, April 1994 – July 1994) which was broadcast on Radio Rwanda on April 19, 1994; archival documents testifying that the massacres where organized; several interviews with eye-witnesses of the massacres in Butare, including Dr. Claude Rwagacondo and student Claudine Mukakibibi; an interview with Théodore Sindikubwabo in Goma in which he denies that his speech in Butare was meant to incite people to commit massacres.

An interview with Janvier Africa, a 26-year-old journalist imprisoned in Kigali’s central prison. In the interview he claims he is an ex-member of the death squad. With the help of his sketch, the officers from the International Federation for Human Rights discovered the first mass grave in Rwanda. It includes footage from the mass grave site; excerpts from broadcasts of RTML radio from April 1994 inciting to genocide; interview with an Interahamwe soldier who claims to have had no knowledge of the ongoing massacres; interview with Lt. Col. Hogard from Operation Turquoise; interview with Col. Theoneste Bagosora (Rwandan military officer) who also claims innocence.

It contains footage of various massacres scenes, including the interior of a church and villages in Rwanda where civilians lie dead or seriously injured, in great numbers, on the side of the roads.

A recording showing Jean Kambanda (Interim Prime Minister of Rwanda) being invested with an official function, shaking hands with several officials, including Théodore Sindikubwabo, the Interim President of Rwanda, and introducing the new government.

The video contains footage of the aftermath of the massacre in Rwanda in 1994, followed by Jean Kambanda’s speech in which he references Radio Rwanda and RTML. It also includes footage of RAF soldiers.

Raw footage with victims of the genocide; soldiers collecting bodies; Rwandans training.

A BBC report on illegal night time training in Kaminyola refugee camp in eastern Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo). Correspondent Elizabeth Jones received permission to search for such trainings and film the soldiers; the result is a mock-fight where Hutu militias demonstrate how their trainings happen. It includes interviews with General Augustin Bizimungu (Chief of RAF), Walomona Kyembwa (Governor, South Kivu Province), Nici Dahrendorf (UNHCR), Hassan Ngeze (RTML, editor “Kangura” newspaper), Jean Kambanda (Interim Prime Minister of Rwanda), Lt. Col. Jean-Bosco Daradangwe (Burundian Army Spokesman), as well as interviews with several Rwandan and Burundian refugees and soldiers.

CNN reporter Jim Clancy reports on arms dealing in Nairobi, Kenya. The arms are supposed to reach the militias in Zaire (now Democratic Republic of Congo) to be later used for attacks against Rwanda. It includes an interview with Gen. Paul Kagame, Rwandan Vice-President at the time and footage with Col. Gasake and Lt. Col. Cyprien Kayumba (Director of Defense Ministry Financial Services).

An interview held on November 3, 1994 with Joël Hakizimana, a prisoner at Kigali’s central prison.

Interview with two unidentified men who speak about journalism, Radio Rwanda, and Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM).

Recording of a meeting between the Minister of Information and representatives of the Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM) in which the objectivity of the radio is being debated. Participants include: Faustin Rucogoza (Rwandan Minister of Information), Jean-Bosco Brayagwiza (Rwandan diplomat and Chairman of the Executive Committee for RTLM), Ferdinand Nahimana (Director and co-founder of RTML), and Félicien Kabuga (Businessman and President of RTML).

The President of Burundi, Cyprien Ntaryamira, and the President of Rwanda, Juvénal Habyarimana, were killed together when their airplane was shot down on April 6, 1994, an event that triggered a wave of ethnic violence in both Burundi and Rwanda. The video describes the role of the UN as a peacekeeping force in these areas where massacres and genocide were taking place. The tape includes: UN footage of displaced people in Burundi and Burundian refugees in Rwanda; Rwandans fleeing Rwanda and taking refuge in Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo) or Tanzania; images of the refugee camps and other temporarily built camps; interviews with UN officials and representatives of other aid agencies; testimonies of survivors of the massacres. The main focus of the video is Dr. Jose Ayala Lasso, then newly appointed UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, who visited Central Africa in April 1994 and had meetings with representatives of both parties in the conflict: Colonel Théoneste Bagosora (RAF) and General Augustin Bizimungu (Chief of RAF) on the one hand and Major General Paul Kagame (RPF) on the other. It also includes extensive footage with General Roméo Dallaire (Force Commander of UNAMIR) giving interviews and providing military briefings.

Continuation of the UN recorded footage of Dr. Jose Ayala Lasso’s visit to Rwanda and Burundi where in his capacity of UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, he visits both countries and talks to representatives of both parties in the conflict, as well as with other officials at the UN headquarters in Kigali.

The video contains: footage from the Kigali airport in Rwanda where people are gathered and waiting to be evacuated by the French military forces; footage of the famous massacre scene, assumed to be in Kigali, where along the road Hutu militiamen and members of the Presidential Guard are massacring and decapitating indiscriminately Tutsis, while two women plead for their life; footage with victims of the killings lying along the roads and UN vehicles patrolling the area and evacuating the foreigners from Kigali; interviews with several foreigners who have been evacuated.

Clip 1: It contains footage of young militiamen with machetes standing by corpses scattered all around the streets of Kigali checking passes and identities of those passing by; UN and RPF vehicles circulating on the streets of Kigali; military training and shooting; refugees walking down the streets; and Jean Kambanda, Prime Minister of the interim government, giving an interview. Clip 2: Dutch TV reports from Burundi, from the Kanyaru-Haut entry point to Rwanda, on the corpses floating in the Akagera river which poses health risks to the population residing nearby and using the water. Clip 3: A report on the orphan children and RPF soldiers trying to find a place in the overcrowded refugee camps which are unable to provide the minimum basic living conditions. Clip 4: Raw footage shot on the border with Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo) of U.S. soldiers distributing water to the refugees. Clip 5: Footage of refugees on the road fleeing Kigali, Rwanda to reach refuge in the camps in Zaire. Clip 6: Recording of the mass exodus of Rwandan refugees crossing Zaire’s border and reports on the conditions in the camps where almost 3000 people die on daily basis due to cholera epidemics. A substantial number of refugees are Hutus who refuse to return home in fear of reprisal attacks at the hands of the RPF. The report includes also: footage with the remains of the president's plane after the crash on April 6, 1994; shots of the Presidential Guards looting and killing Tutsi; French and Belgian paratroopers in Rwanda evacuating the foreigners; images of Kigali under siege; scenes from the Benaco camp in Tanzania. Clip 7: It includes: footage of human corpses obstructing the roads in Kigali; survivors of the Interahamwe machete attacks being rescued by RPF troops; interview with a survivor of a massacre.

A television program about the abuses committed in Kigali, Rwanda in 1994 and the fate of the Belgian contingent KIBAT II of the UNAMIR (United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda), a U.N. peacekeeping force formed of nine soldiers and led by Lt. Thierry Lotin. On April 7, 1994 the ten Blue Helmets were in charge of escorting Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana from her residence in the ministerial quarter of Kyovu to the national radio station Radio Rwanda. During this mission, the entire contingent was ambushed and assassinated in the Kigali camp. The program tries to answer to several questions regarding official responsibility, liability and blame. The program features interviews with: Jean-Luc Habyarimana (son of Juvénal Habyarimana, former President of Rwanda), Faustin Twagiramungu (Appointed Prime Minister of Rwanda), Guy Theunis (Journalist and Missionary in Rwanda from Pères Blanc, “White Fathers”), Leopold Greindl (Missionary, “White Fathers”), General Roméo Dallaire (Force Commander of UNAMIR), Agathe Uwilingiyimana (Prime Minister of Rwanda, 1993-1994), Bernard Ntuhyaga (RAF Staff), Lt. Col. Jean Dewez, Théoneste Bagosora (Rwandan military officer), Frédéric François (journalist), Apedo Kodjo (UN military observer), Leo Delcroix (Belgian Minister of Defense), Jean-Bosco Brayagwiza (Rwandan diplomat and the chairman of the executive committee for the Rwandan radio station RTLM), Georges Ruggiu (RTML broadcaster), Rika De Backer (European Deputy), Col. Luc Marshal (UNAMIR), Innocent Butare, Sixbert Musangamfura (Former Intelligence Chief).

Excerpts from Belgian television programs discussing the situation in Rwanda, the fate of the 10 UN Belgian soldiers who have been killed in Kigali, and the role of the media in the 1994 massacres. Guests include: Alain Verhaagen (Professor at ULB) and Jean-Pierre Chrétien (African Research Center).

A CNN documentary reporting on the atrocities of genocide which decimated Rwanda in 1994. Correspondent Jim Clancy travels to Rwanda a year after the genocide and reports on the estimated 2 million Rwandan refugees, the almost 1 million victims, their demand for justice and rehabilitation, as well as the difficulties of reconciliation. The program includes footage of the various mass graves and massacre sites; images of victims lying on the side of the roads; footage of women who have been assaulted and raped recovering in the maternity wards; scenes from the refugee camps in Burundi, Tanzania and Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo); shots of prisoners in Kibuye; excerpts of a UNAMIR briefing; footage of an arms dealing in progress in Nairobi, Kenya. It features interviews with: Rakiya Omaar (African Rights), Tom Ndahiro (Rwandan Information Office), Richard Goldstone (Chief Prosecutor, International Tribunal), Dr. Casimir Bizimungu (Former Health Minister in the Interim Government of Rwanda), William Clarence (UN Human Rights Monitor), Colonel Théoneste Bagosora (Rwandan Armed Forces), General Henry Anyidoho (UNAMIR), Théodore Sindikubwabo (Interim President of Rwanda in 1994), Jean Kambanda (Prime Minister of the Interim Government), Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime Minister of Rwanda), Dr. Gladstone Habimana (Director of the Maternity ward, Kigali Central Hospital), Seth Sendashonga (Rwandan Interior Minister), Asiel Kabira (Prefect of Kibuye), Claude Dusaidi (Dir. Gen., Foreign Affairs), Lt. Col. Cyprien Kayumba (Director of Defense Ministry Financial Services), Col. Anastase Gasake (Defense Minister in exile), and Paul Kagame (Former Minister of Defense and Former Vice-President of Rwanda).

A collection of news and reports on Rwanda from the French TV channel TF1 covering the events between April and July, 1994. The reports include: footage of Rwandan orphans and refugees; scenes from a refugee camp where doctors operate and aid the wounded; footage of the evacuation of the foreigners, including the French and Belgian nuns; interviews with Rwandan priests, foreign missionaries, and several survivors of the massacres; interviews with members of the Interim Government of Rwanda.

Excerpts from a film documenting the most brutal period of the civil war in Sierra Leone when RUF rebels implemented “Operation Annihilate Every Living Thing” and “Operation Burn Freetown” on their way to capturing the capital city in January 1999. This section features an interview with Ibrahim Barry Junior, a child soldier known as General Shed Blood.

A report focusing on Kigali’s chief prosecutor François-Xavier who speaks about the struggles to rebuild the Rwandan justice system in order to be able to bring forward the perpetrators of the 1994 genocide and the hardships he was facing when interrogating perpetrators of the genocide.

A fragment of a documentary film about Saddam Hussein and the likelihood of the existence of biological and chemical weapons in Iraq. Appear in the documentary: Najib as-Salihi who discusses Saddam Hussein's willingness to use terror tactics and unconventional means; Ahmed Chalabi, President of the INC; Muhammed Rijab, who despite being in exile in Jordan is under constant threat by the regime; Terry Taylor, UN inspection team; Dr. Taha Rihab (Iraqi chemical weapons expert) touring the al-Hakim plant; Kenneth Timmerman (author) who discusses the gyroscopes found in Iraq and their use for long range missiles; Rolf Ekeus (Chairman of the UN Special Commission on Iraq); Laurie Mylroie (author) who speaks about Abdul Rahman Yasin.

Clip 1: BBC World News Report about Rwandese refugees returning home. BBC Correspondent Ben Brown reports from the Rwanda-Zaire border on the situation of the returnees who cross Goma, Zaire to arrive to Gisenye, Rwanda. Owen Bennett-Jones reports from Geneva about UNHCR’s role in the crisis and the possibility of closing the Rwandese border. Jane Standley reports from Goma on the situation of the several hundreds of thousands of people marching towards the border. Clip 2: Presenter Mikle Embley provides a summary of the world news on BBC World. It contains a short report about the situation at the borders of Rwanda. Clip 3: A series of unrelated BBC news: report about President Boris Yeltsin’s health, elections in Thailand, and weather forecast. Clip 4: Mike Hanna reports for CNN from Goma, Zaire on the conditions at the borders between Rwanda and Zaire, as well as the conditions in and around Goma refugee camp. From Gisenyi, Rwanda, Christiane Amanpour reports live about the guerrilla fighting and military trainings taking place in the refugee camps. Clip 5: A BBC World news report on the refugees returning to Rwanda and the refugees who decided to stay in Zaire. It includes a report by correspondent Dan Brown from Goma, Zaire on the makeshift hospitals in the camp: the lack of medical supplies, the work of the Red Cross medical staff, and the fate of the abandoned and orphaned children. From Gisenyi, Rwanda, Correspondent Roger Herring reports about the conditions in the villages of Rwanda and the life the returnees have once home. Clip 6: CNN report about the refugees returning to Rwanda from Zaire. It includes footage of people too weak to walk home and who are being assisted by ICRC members. Clip 7: BBC World news report about the joint plans by the Interahamwe militia and the army of the former Rwandan government to reinvade Rwanda. Jim Fish reports on the future of the defeated Interahamwe. It includes an interview with Patrick Smith, the editor of “Africa Confidential.” Clip 8: A CNN “Central Africa in Crisis” report from near Gisenyi, Rwanda on the refugees returning home to Nyundo, a former massacre site. It includes interviews with survivors of the Nyundo massacres who talk about the returnees of whom some are former militia members and perpetrators of the genocide. It features a report by Christiane Amanpour from Nyundo, Rwanda. Clip 9: 3’ of irrelevant content. Clip 10: George Aligaya reports for BBC World on Rwanda’s moral obligation to bring to justice the people involved in the 1994 massacres and the humanitarian need to reabsorb the returning citizens. It continues with a report by George Eykyn on a British based company that was shipping arms to Hutu militias despite the UN imposed arms embargo. It features interviews with Dr. Malcolm Chalmers from University of Bradford and Robin Cook, Opposition Labour Foreign Affairs. Clip 10: BBC World report on the implications of the U.S. veto in the UN. It features interviews with Mark Thiessen (U.S. Foreign Relations Ctte, Washington) and Barnaby Mason (BBC Diplomatic Correspondent). Clip 11: BBC correspondent Ben Brown reports on the exodus and return of hundreds of thousands of Rwandan refugees, the necessity of international assistance for Rwanda, and the potential scale of the international intervention force. It includes an interview with Ray Wilkinson from UNHCR. The news program continues with Ray Wilkinson live from Gisenye who discusses the U.S.’s decision not to send combat troops to Rwanda followed by the Rwandan Ambassador to Great Britain, Dr. Zac Nsenga, live in the studio, who explains why Rwanda does not favor an international force. Clip 12: CNN news report on the type of involvement the U.S. was willing to provide to Rwanda in the aftermath of the genocide. It features interviews with William Perry (U.S. Defense Secretary) and Ken Bacon (U.S. Defense Dept. Spokesman).

The program investigates the situation in Bosnia one year after the Bosnian, Serbian, and Croatian leaders signed the Dayton Agreement in December 1995. It includes footage of signing the peace agreement; excerpts from Bosnian President Alija Izetbogovic’s speech; footage with Ratko Mladić (former Chief of Staff of the Bosnian Serb Army) and Radovan Karadžić (former Bosnian Serb politician); recordings of civilians attacking peacekeepers in Bosnia who earlier confiscated weapons from the Bosnian-Muslim Army. The program features interviews with Javier Solana (NATO Secretary General), Madeleine Albright (U.S. Ambassador to U.N.), William Perry (U.S. Defense Secretary), and Carl Bildt (Peace Coordinator in Bosnia).

Jonathan Mann presents a report on the ongoing violence in Bosnia. It includes footage from November 14, 1998 when Bosnian Muslims trying to return to their homes were prevented to do so by Bosnian Serbs, as well as images of Franjo Tuđman (Former President of Croatia), Slobodan Milošević (Former President of Serbia and Yugoslavia), and Alija Izetbogovic’s (Former President of Bosnia). The program features interviews with: former U.S. Army attaché to Yugoslavia Greg Vuksich who talks about IFOR (a NATO-led multinational force in Bosnia and Herzegovina) and author and journalist Misha Glenny who speaks about the Balkan leaders.